|
The name Ptolemy or Ptolemaeus comes from the Greek ''Ptolemaios'', which seems to mean warlike or son of war. There have been many people named Ptolemy or Ptolemaeus, the most famous of whom are the Greek-Egyptian astronomer Claudius Ptolemaeus, and the Macedonian founder and ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom in Egypt, Ptolemy I Soter. The following sections summarise the history of the name, some of the people named Ptolemy, and some of the other uses of this name. ==Etymology and history== According to Georg Autenrieth the English name Ptolemy comes from the Ancient Greek name Πτολεμαῖος (''Ptolemaios''),〔(Πτολεμαῖος ). The meaning of the name Ptolemy seem to be a matter of strife; in accordance with Georg Autenrieth, ''A Homeric Dictionary'', on Perseus〕 "warlike" or "son of war". Autienrieth renders the meaning of the name to be an adjective from πτόλεμος (''ptólemos''), explained as a Homeric form of πόλεμος (''pólemos''), "war".〔(πόλεμος ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus〕〔The change from ''polemos'' to ''ptolemos'' is an example of a type of linguistic compounding called terpsimbrotos. The ''pt-'' in ''ptolemos'' (vs. earlier ''polemos'') "war" is thought to arise from a re-analysis of the compound word '' *phere-t-polemos'', metathesised to ''phere-ptolemos''. George Dunkel, "Two old problems in Greek: ptolemos and terpsimbrotos", ''Glotta'' 70 (1992).〕 A nephew of Antigonus I was called ''Polemaeus'',〔Who's Who in the Age of Alexander the Great () by Waldemar Heckel〕 the normal form of the adjective. ''Ptolemaios'' is first attested in Homer's Iliad and is the name of an Achaean warrior, son of Piraeus, father of Eurymedon.〔(Homer, ''Iliad'', 4.228 ), on Perseus〕 The name Ptolemaios varied over the years from its roots in Ancient Greece, appearing in different languages in various forms and spellings. The original form, and some of the variants, are listed here in the languages relevant to the history of the name. The name ''Ptolemy'' spread from its Macedonian origins to enter other languages in the Middle and Near East during the Hellenisation that followed the conquest of the known world by Alexander the Great. The Aramaic name ''Bar Talmai'' (Greek ''Bartolomaios'' and English ''Bartholomew'') may be related.〔The disciple Nathaniel Bar-Talmai (Bartholomew) is thus thought to have been the son of a Ptolemy.〕 Alternatively, it may have a Hebrew derivation. ''Ptolemais'' is formed from this name by the Greek feminine adjectival ending ''-i(d)s'' (found also in ''Iliad'', ''Aeneid''). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ptolemy (name)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|